Ecology

A Nature Chemical Biology study of Pyrenees toads finds fungus-outbreak survivors mature skin defenses earlier, as tadpoles, ahead of the disease's attack on adult skin.

An Oxford-led study warns nearly 8,000 vertebrate species face unsuitable conditions by 2100 from combined heat and land-use stress, while a separate Nature Climate Change paper finds that protecting biodiversity hotspots would halve the land available for forestation-based carbon removal.

Three major studies reveal invasive species cut insect numbers by 31 percent globally, climate change alone drove a 72 percent decline in a pristine Colorado meadow, and monitoring frameworks cannot yet track whether rescue plans work.